THEORETICAL AND LEGAL ANALYSIS FOR THE HUMAN RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS PROTECTION GUARANTEES ISSUE IN UKRAINE DURING THE MARTIAL LAW’S LEGAL REGIME PERIOD
Abstract
The research subject is the legal provision for the human rights and freedoms protection under martial law in Ukraine. The aim of the work is to study the rights and freedoms protections’ legal regulations’ specifics during the martial laws’ legal regime application period and to establish the permissible restrictions limits on constitutional rights. The research methodology is based on the comprehensive use of legal analysis, comparative law, and systemic approaches, which makes it possible to study the constitutional principles, special regulatory regulation, and practical mechanisms for the implementation of rights and freedoms in wartime. The research relevance is due to modern challenges associated with the Russian Federation’s armed aggression against Ukraine and the need to balance issues of national security and guaranteeing basic human rights and freedoms. The scientific novelty lies in the comprehensive disclosure of the relationship between military duty, mobilization measures, military service, and the military registration system, taking into account constitutional and international legal standards. The research’s main conclusions indicate that the martial law regime in Ukraine ensures a balance between the state’s defense capability and the citizens’ rights and freedoms protection on the basis of proportionality, legality, and accountability. The defense systems’ key elements are the effective organization of national defense at the political, administrative, and military levels, transparency of public procurement; public-private partnership, modern technologies, mass military training, and mobilization planning use. A significant role in this is played by the volunteer movement and the military chaplaincy institution, which provide humanitarian, material, spiritual, and psychological support to military personnel. The practical significance of the work lies in the possibility of applying the conclusions obtained to improve national mechanisms for protecting rights and freedoms during martial law, developing mobilization planning methods, improving the military accounting system, and preparing the population for defense, taking into account legal guarantees. The study confirms that the protection of rights and freedoms under such conditions is based on a combination of constitutional guarantees and the citizens’ duty to protect the state, which contributes to maintaining the stability of the legal order.
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