Concept of decent work in international-legal acts and ukrainian legislation
Abstract
Ukrainian Constitution does not prohibit development and realization of various political, economic, social ideas and theories with their further transformation into social relations, when the former ones can be beneficial for society, consolidate and strengthen it. Considering current social and especially ideological situation in Ukraine, global trends in the development of civilizations and geopolitical importance of Ukraine it must be noted that the only right ideology for our country is the one based on humanism and social equity. Every human being, their material well-being, development of spiritual and creative abilities, physical excellence must become the core of this ideology. The International Labour Organization unanimously adopted the ILO Declaration on Social Justice for a Fair Globalization on 10 June 2008, which points that under the concept of decent work all member states must pursue policies based on four strategic objectives – employment, social protection, social dialogue, and rights at work. Therefore, decent work is the key to contemporary understanding of social justice in a democratic society. The European Union has fixed the aforementioned view on social and economic development of its member states in the Directive (EU) 2019/1152 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2019 on transparent and predictable working conditions in the European Union. Provisions of article 420 of Association Agreement between the European Union and the European Atomic Energy Community and their Member States, of the one part, and Ukraine, of the other part can be considered as Ukraine’s Social declaration that further paves the way to becoming a part of the European Union. The article also provides that cooperation in the area covered by Article 419 of this Agreement shall pursue several important goals. And according
to article 424 of this Agreement, Ukraine shall ensure gradual approximation to EU law, standards and practices in the area of employment, social policy and equal opportunities, as set out in Annex XL to this Agreement. The aforementioned legal acts contain essential directions for social economy of any modern European state and assessment criteria for all legislative innovations and fateful managerial actions taken by governmental authorities or individual officials. Separate provisions of draft laws of Ukraine under No. 2708 “On Labor”, under No. 2275 “On Amendments to Some Laws of Ukraine on Stabilization of the Functioning of the Compulsory State Social Insurance System”, under No. 2681 “On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine (on certain issues related to the activities of trade unions) “contradict both the international obligations of Ukraine and the provisions of the Constitution of Ukraine. In some cases, there is a significant liberalization of labor law, in particular, the consolidation of the unlimited right of the employer to terminate the employment contract, and in others, a radical offensive on the basic principles of interaction of social partners, as well as the right to freedom of association and protection of the right to organize. Such innovations do not appear to meet the criteria of a democratic, rule of law and welfare state. The Law of Ukraine “On Employment”, in particular concerning the determination of the place, role, tasks, functions and sources of financing of the nationwide system of employment bodies, determination of the role and place of each state body in managing internal and external labor migration, needs major updating
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